Negative - is a reverse of an image created when processing film. The light and dark parts of an image are tonally reversed from the original copy.

Offset printing - refers to offset lithography, which is a printing process where the image prints by transferring ink from a plate to a rubber blanket that deposits the ink onto the substrate instead of directly from plate to paper.

Pantone matching systems or PMS - are the most popular color matching systems used in the printing industry. A true PMS color is defined by a mixture of inks that will provide a specific color.

Perforation - takes place on a binder machine, creating a line of small dotted wholes for the purpose of tearing-off a part of a printed matter (usually straight lines).

Plate - is a metal sheet carrying an image to be reproduced using a printing press.

Press layout or ruleup - is a drawing that shows how a printing job must be imposed using a specific press and sheet size. It shows where pieces will be cut, perforated and folded.